7: Overloading and Arrays

What We Will Cover Announcements Please silence all cell phones and pagers Sit at a computer station, start your computer and login When class is over, please shut down your computer. Remember that any data or program files are lost. Continuations 7.1: Overloading Method Names 7.1.1: About Overloading 7.1.2: Overloading Resolution 7.1.3: Automatic Type Conversion and Overloading 7.1.4: Overloading for Default Arguments 7.1.5: Summary Exercise 7.1 7.2: Validating User Input 7.2.1: About Input Validation 7.2.2: Errors and Exceptions 7.2.3: Throwing an Exception 7.2.4: Handling Exceptions 7.2.5: Validating Input 7.2.6: Input Validation Methods 7.2.7: Summary Exercise 7.2 7.3: Arrays 7.3.1: About Arrays 7.3.2: Declaring and Allocating Arrays 7.3.3: Referencing Array Elements 7.3.4: Initializing Array Values 7.3.5: Processing Array Values in a Loop 7.3.6: Array Index Out of Range 7.3.7: Summary Exercise 7.3 7.4: Arrays and Methods 7.4.1: Array Elements as Arguments 7.4.2: Arrays as Method Parameters 7.4.3: Changing Array Elements in Methods 7.4.4: Returning an Array 7.4.5: Method main Parameters 7.4.6: Summary Exercise 7.4 Wrap Up Due Next: A6: Guessing Game (10/18/04) Exercise 7 and CodeLab Lesson 7 (10/18/04) Continuations Homework Questions? A5: Clothing Sizer (10/11/04) Exercise 6 and CodeLab Lesson 6 (10/11/04) Where to Place the File Comment Block Questions from last class? Which of the following can be an argument in a method call? Constants Variables Expressions All of the above Given a single Java class, which of the following methods can it have? foo(int a) foo(int a, int b) foo(double a) foo(double a, double b) foo(int b) ^ top 7.1: Overloading Method Names Objectives At the end of the lesson the student will be able to: Code overloaded methods Describe how Java resolves method calls Describe when to overload methods ^ top 7.1.1: About Overloading You can have several methods with the same name in a class Need different parameter set (i.e. signature) for each method Number of parameters Parameter types Order of parameters Return type is not part of the signature Cannot be used to distinguish between two methods with the same name and signature For Example public class SquareTypes { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(square(6.5)); System.out.println(square(5)); } static double square(double x) { System.out.print("Using type double: "); return x * x; } static int square(int x) { System.out.print("Using type int: "); return x * x; } } First call to square uses method with a double signature Second call uses method with an int signature Using type double: 42.25 Using type int: 25 ^ top 7.1.2: Overloading Resolution Method call resolution: Looks for exact signature Looks for 'compatible' signature First: looks for exact signature Because no argument conversion required Second: looks for 'compatible' signature Where automatic type conversion is possible: Recall that Java automatically converts types as follows: byte => short => int => long => float => double / char =/ For Example Given following methods: void f(int n, double m) {} void f(double n, int m) {} void f(int n, int m) {} Making these calls: f(98, 99); => Calls 3 f(5.3, 4); => Calls 2 f(5, 4.2); => Calls 1 f(4.3, 5.2); => Compiler error ^ top 7.1.3: Automatic Type Conversion and Overloading Typically you should make numeric formal parameters of type double Allows for any numeric type Any narrower data type automatically is promoted to wider types byte => short => int => long => float => double / char =/ Avoids overloading because of different numeric types For Example double mpg(double miles, double gallons) { return (miles / gallons); } Example method calls: mpgComputed = mpg(5, 20); Converts 5 and 20 to doubles, then passes them to the method mpgComputed = mpg(5.8, 20.2); No conversion necessary mpgComputed = mpg(5, 2.4); Converts 5 to 5.0, then passes the values to the method ^ top 7.1.4: Overloading for Default Arguments You can use overloading to omit some arguments For example: void showVolume(int length, int width, int height) { // Do something } Want to provide default values for the last 2 arguments Create 2 additional method calls Each method calls the full method with default values void showVolume(int length, int width) { showVolume(length, width, 1); } void showVolume(int length) { showVolume(length, 1, 1); } Possible calls: showVolume(1, 2, 3); // All arguments supplied showVolume(1, 2); // height defaulted to 1 showVolume(1); // width & height defaulted to 1 ^ top 7.1.5: Summary A programmer can declare many methods using the same name However, the parameter list must be different between each method Useful when you want to have the same method operate on different data types However, you can avoid overloading by relying on automatic type conversion Java automatically promotes values from narrow to broad types By making your numeric types double, you can use promotion instead of overloading Another use of overloading is for default arguments Allows method calls with default arguments ^ top Exercise 7.1 With a partner, if needed, take 5 minutes to complete the following: Start a text file named exercise7.txt. Prepare the exercise header as described in the HowTo on submitting exercises Label this exercise: Exercise 7.1 Submit all exercises for this lesson in one file unless instructed otherwise Complete the following and record the answers to any questions in exercise7.txt. Specifications Suppose you have two methods: double score(double time, double distance) {} double score(double points) {} Which method would be used in the following method call? Why? double finalScore = score(95.7); Suppose you have two methods: double answer(double data1, double data2) {} double answer(double time, int count) {} Which method would be used in the following method call? Why? int y = 5; double x = answer(y, 6.0); ^ top 7.2: Input Validation Objectives At the end of the lesson the student will be able to: Validate user input Handle input exceptions ^ top 7.2.1: Validating User Input Well-constructed programs validate user input You need to ensure that programs do not crash due to unexpected input Referred to as robust or "bullet-proof" programs To demonstrate, let us create a program to sum two numbers We will need three dialog boxes: Enter first number Enter second number Display results Here is a first draft of a program: import javax.swing.*; public class SumOf2Dialog { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1, num2; String input, output; input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("First number:"); num1 = Double.parseDouble(input); input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Second number:"); num2 = Double.parseDouble(input); output = "" + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + (num1 + num2); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output); System.exit(0); } } When you run it, you will notice several errors Pressing the Cancel button produces a NullPointerException You can prevent a NullPointerException by testing the input string if (input == null) { // do something about the error } However, we can generate other error conditions as well Pressing the Enter key before typing any input produces an error Entering letters instead of numbers produces an error as well These errors are more difficult to detect using conditional statements Instead, you can use a Java mechanism known as exception handling ^ top 7.2.2: Errors and Exceptions Java handles errors quite differently than older high-level languages Traditional approach is to require each method to return error codes Must return specific values to indicate failures Many possible problems with this approach: Requires the programmer to check for the error code to find if an error occurred Error handling becomes intermixed with normal processing code Becomes more difficult to understand how the codes is supposed to work Error conditions must be the same type as the normal code return type Error code must be a special value All these problems can be solved More elegant approach is to use exception handling Terminology Exception: an error condition that changes the normal flow of a program Throw an exception: either the Java runtime or your code signals that something unusual happened Catch an exception: take appropriate action to deal with an exception Exception handler: the code that processes an exception Exception Handling Program Flow When an error occurs while a method is executing: Method stops processing at the failures point Creates and object with the error information Passes the exception object to the JVM JVM tries to locate the exception handling code If code cannot be found, the general exception handler is used General exception handler produces an error messages on the console Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: null at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:394) at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:476) at DivideDialog.main(DivideDialog.java:10) Note that the purpose of exception handling is not to reduce debugging time Purpose of exception handling is to simplify the code for normal circumstances However, general exception handler does provide information about where an error occurred Types of Exceptions Two types of exceptions in Java Checked Exception: programmer must write code to deal with the exception Compiler "checks" to make sure you process the exception Unchecked Exception: programmer decides whether or not to deal with the exception No checks are made by the compiler ^ top 7.2.3: Throwing an Exception Easiest way to deal with an exception is to throw the exception to the caller Throwing an exception is like passing the buck Requires the calling method to deal with the exception The calling method can also throw the exception Eventually some method should catch it Otherwise the general exception handler is used General syntax for throwing an exception: returnType methodName(parameterList) throws Exception1,... { // method body } Can also throw an exception from the main method public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException Throwing from main() invokes the general exception handler Produces an ugly (but useful to programmers) error message Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: null at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:394) at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:476) at DivideDialog.main(DivideDialog.java:10) For Example Recall our LineInput program from lesson 4.1.3: import java.io.*; public class LineInput { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // set up for basic input stream InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in); // need to use readLine() BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr); System.out.print("Type a line and press Enter: "); String data = br.readLine(); System.out.println("You entered: " + data); } } Note the throws IOException clause Allows us to run the program without having to handle the exception ^ top 7.2.4: Handling Exceptions Another way to deal with an exception is to write exception handling code Using exception handling, you can correct errors without ending your program Handling exceptions means you need to code try-catch statements General Code Organization: try { // One or more statements at least one of which // must be capable of throwing an exception } catch (Exception e) { // Exception handling code // Can have many catch blocks } Programming style: note the placement of the curly braces Try Block Keyword try identifies the start of an exception handling block Must have at least one statement that could generate exceptions Catch Block A try block must be followed by one or more catch blocks Executes only if an exception is thrown The type of the exception is the type shown in the error messages For Example Adding exception handling to the SumOf2Dialog program import javax.swing.*; public class SumOf2Dialog2 { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1, num2; String data, output; try { data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "First number:"); num1 = Double.parseDouble(data); data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Second number:"); num2 = Double.parseDouble(data); output = "" + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + (num1 + num2); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You must enter a number", "Input Data Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } catch (NullPointerException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You pressed the Cancel button", "Program Termination", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } System.exit(0); } } What types of exceptions do we catch in the above code? ^ top 7.2.5: Validating Input Even though the above program is robust, we can still make improvements One thing it does not do is allow users to correct their errors User-friendly programs should give users a chance to correct errors One way to accomplish this is use a loop Following code adds a retry loop to the SumOf2Dialog program import javax.swing.*; public class SumOf2Dialog3 { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1, num2; String data, output; boolean tryAgain = true; while (tryAgain == true) { try { data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "First number:"); num1 = Double.parseDouble(data); data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Second number:"); num2 = Double.parseDouble(data); output = "" + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + (num1 + num2); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output); tryAgain = false; } catch (NullPointerException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You pressed the Cancel button", "Program Termination", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You must enter a number", "Input Data Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } } System.exit(0); } } Condition for the loop uses the variable tryAgain Shorthand for tryAgain == true Note that tryAgain is set to true before entering the loop tryAgain is set to false only when you do not want the user to try again In this example, user has to enter both numbers when trying again This is inconvenient for the user A better way is to use a method for the input ^ top 7.2.6: Input Validation Methods We can still improve the previous code Some problems that remain are: The main method is very long The code is not portable easily from one program to another The user has to reenter data for all the inputs Two solve these problems, we put our data entry code into a separate method Notice how much shorter the main method has become import javax.swing.*; public class SumOf2Dialog4 { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1, num2; String output; num1 = inputDouble("First number:"); num2 = inputDouble("Second number:"); output = "" + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + (num1 + num2); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output); System.exit(0); } public static double inputDouble(String prompt) { String data; double num = 0.0; boolean tryAgain = true; while (tryAgain) { try { data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(prompt); if (data == null) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You pressed the Cancel button", "Program Termination", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } num = Double.parseDouble(data); tryAgain = false; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You must enter a number", "Input Data Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } } return num; } } Note that the code separates the input validation from the main processing Makes the code easier to read and understand ^ top 7.2.7: Summary Well-constructed programs validate user input Can detect many conditions using conditional statements if (data == null) { // do something about the error } Not all conditions are easy to check Java provides a more elegant solution known as exception handling Code to check is placed in a try block Error handling code is placed in a catch block try { // One or more statements at least one of which // should be capable of throwing an exception } catch (Exception e) { // Exception handling code // Can have many catch blocks } Input validation may need both exception handling and condition checking When to use each depends on the types of error conditions that are possible Placing input handling code in a method can make the main code easier to understand ^ top Exercise 7.2 Label this exercise: Exercise 7.2 Complete the following and record the answer to any questions in your exercise4.txt file. Specifications Using the input methods we reviewed above, write a program that asks for two double values and displays their product. The product is the number obtained by multiplying two numbers together. Submit your final program along with your exercise7.txt file. Record answers to the following questions in exercise7.txt. Q1: What happens when a user enters the words "bad data" rather than a number? You can use the following code to get started. import javax.swing.*; public class SumOf2Dialog4 { public static void main(String[] args) { double num1, num2; String output; num1 = inputDouble("First number:"); num2 = inputDouble("Second number:"); output = "" + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + (num1 + num2); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output); System.exit(0); } public static double inputDouble(String prompt) { String data; double num = 0.0; boolean tryAgain = true; while (tryAgain) { try { data = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(prompt); if (data == null) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You pressed the Cancel button", "Program Termination", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); System.exit(0); } num = Double.parseDouble(data); tryAgain = false; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You must enter a number", "Input Data Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } } return num; } } ^ top 7.3: Arrays Objectives At the end of the lesson the student will be able to: Declare and allocate memory for arrays Write code to initialize arrays Access array elements ^ top Array: a single name for a collection of identically-typed data values Arrays are a type of data structure -- a way to organize data An array is used to process a collection of data of the same type Scores Temperatures Why do we need arrays? Imagine keeping track of 5 test scores, or 100, or 1000 in memory How would you name all the variables? How would you process each of the variables? Arrays provide a convenient solution to these problems Entire array referred to by a single identifier Each element uniquely identified by an index number For Example One-dimensional array is like single row of data in spreadsheet or table score[0] score[1] score[2] score[3] score[4] 90 95 87 89 98 Top row shows the indices for an array named "score" Individual items are referenced by the index (a.k.a. subscript) All the values are of the same type: int Array length is 5 ^ top 7.3.2: Declaring and Allocating Arrays Consider an array named score containing 5 values You declare and allocate memory for this array like this: int[] score; // declaration score = new int[5]; // allocation Which is equivalent to: int[] score = new int[5]; // Java style Which is equivalent to: int score[] = new int[5]; // C++ style This is like declaring 5 variables of type int numbered as follows: score[0], score[1], score[2], score[3], score[4] The value in brackets is called an index or subscript Individual values in an array are called items or elements The number of indexed variables in an array is the size of the array The largest index is one less than the size The first index value is zero Array declaration syntax: DataType[] arrayName = new DataType[length]; Arrays can be of any data type All the variables of an array are always of the same data type Known as the base type of the array Allocated dynamically with operator new Once created, you cannot change the number of elements Reference Types Arrays assignments are different than for primitive types Arrays names are reference types because arrays are objects in Java For instance: double[] prices; prices = new double[6]; First line declares a reference variable of type array-of-doubles Second line creates an array object in memory and assigns the location to the prices reference variable ^ top 7.3.3: Referencing Array Elements Each array element is referenced by name and an index inside of square brackets score[3] is one of the indexed variables of the score array score[0]++; The index can be any integer expression int n = 2; score[n + 1] = 99; You can use an indexed array variable like any regular variable score[0] = score[1] + 1; Array elements referenced by the array name and index Use the array operator [] to specify the index Index must be an integer expression ^ top 7.3.4: Initializing Array Values You can assign a value to an array element any time after it is declared int[] score = new int[5]; score[0] = 90; score[1] = 95; score[2] = 87; score[3] = 89; score[4] = 98; Static Initialization You can also initialize array elements in the declaration statement Called static initialization Use a comma-separated list inside curly-braces int[] score = {90, 95, 87, 89, 98}; Produces the same array Length of an array automatically determined from the initializer list Default Values Uninitialized array elements are assigned default values: Integer (byte, short, int, long): 0 Floating-point (float, double): 0.0 Character (char): '\u0000' Boolean: false Objects: null ^ top 7.3.5: Processing Array Values in a Loop Array processing is easily done in a loop A for loop is commonly used to process array elements For example, to initialize array elements to a known value: int[] score = new int[5]; for (int i = 0; i < score.length; i++) { score[i] = 100; } Note the use of the constant length in the array loop Initializing From the Keyboard We can also use a loop to initialize values from the keyboard String input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "How many scores?"); int numScore = Integer.parseInt(input); int[] score = new int[numScore]; for (int i = 0; i < score.length; i++) { input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Enter score " + i + ": "); score[i] = Integer.parseInt(input); } Note that the loop counter and array index counts from 0 to length - 1 Displaying an Array Similarly, we can also use a loop to display the contents of an array System.out.println("You entered:"); for (int i = 0; i < score.length; i++) { System.out.println(score[i]); } ^ top 7.3.6: Array Index Out of Range A common error is using a nonexistent index Index values for int score[5] are the values 0 through 4 An index value not allowed by the array declaration is out of range Using an out of range index value produces an error message! ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException For example, using the following code: public class WeekDays { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] day = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"}; for (int x = 0; x < day.length; x++) { System.out.println(day[x]); } } } Trying to use an index less than 0 or more than length - 1 causes an error ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ^ top 7.3.7: Summary Arrays are convenient ways to process a list of data You declare an array with a single statement: DataType[] arrayName = new DataType[length]; Each array element is referenced by name and an index inside of square brackets You can use an indexed array variable like any regular variable score[0] = score[1] + 1; You can initialize array elements individually with an assignment statement score[0] = 90; A more convenient way is to use an initializer list int score[] = {90, 95, 87, 89, 98}; You can use loops to assign values to an array and to display array values String input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "How many scores?"); int numScore = Integer.parseInt(input); int[] score = new int[numScore]; for (int i = 0; i < score.length; i++) { input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Enter score " + i + ": "); score[i] = Integer.parseInt(input); } System.out.println("You entered:"); for (int i = 0; i < score.length; i++) { System.out.println(score[i]); } The programmer must be very careful to keep the array index within bounds Otherwise an error message will result ^ top Exercise 7.3 With a partner, if needed, take 5 minutes to complete the following: Start a text file named exercise7.txt. Prepare the exercise header as described in the HowTo on submitting exercises Label this exercise: Exercise 7.3 Submit all exercises for this lesson in one file unless instructed otherwise Write array declaration and allocation statements for the following descriptions and record them in your exercise7.txt file. Array Descriptions A list of 100 integer grades A list of 25 characters A list of 50 double-precision values holding temperatures A list of 90 Strings holding names ^ top 7.4: Arrays and Methods Objectives At the end of the lesson the student will be able to: Pass arrays elements as arguments Pass entire arrays as arguments Use arrays in methods Return arrays from methods Obtain values from the array passed to the main method ^ top 7.4.1: Array Elements as Arguments Indexed variables can be arguments to methods For example, if a program contains these declarations: public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 0, a[] = new int[10]; } static void myMethod(int n) { /* some code */ } You can use indexed variables a[0] through a[9] as arguments myMethod(a[0]); myMethod(a[3]); myMethod(a[i]); For Example import java.text.NumberFormat; public class ArrayItemApp { public static void main(String[] args) { double[] data = {12.3, 23.45, 3.456}; for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { showPrice(data[i]); } } /** * Displays a double to the screen */ static void showPrice(double value) { NumberFormat currency = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance(); String formattedItem = currency.format(value); System.out.println(formattedItem); } } ^ top 7.4.2: Arrays as Method Parameters You can use an entire array as an argument to a method When calling the array, use just the array name and no brackets showArray(days); Method has access to the original array Following example shows an array used in a method: static void showArray(String[] values) { for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { System.out.println(values[i]); } } You do not know the length of the array that will be passed Length of the array passed can be different for each method call So use the length variable inside the method body You could easily overload the showArray method for different array types ^ top 7.4.3: Changing Array Elements in Methods All types in Java are passed-by-value (a.k.a. call-by-value) When method is called, value of each argument is copied to its corresponding parameter Method only gets a copy of the variable's value Variables used as arguments cannot be changed within the method However, arrays are objects and a variable contains reference values Location of the array is passed to the method Any action taken on the parameter is actually taken on the original argument Original argument is not protected for class types Thus array elements can be changed in methods You can even collect input in a method for an array For Example: import javax.swing.*; public class ArrayFiller { public static final int NUMBER_ITEMS = 3; public static void main(String[] args) { int[] data = new int[NUMBER_ITEMS]; fillUp(data); showArray(data); System.exit(0); } // Fills an array with values from the keyboard static void fillUp(int data[]) { String input, msg = "Enter number "; for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(msg + (i + 1)); data[i] = (int) Double.parseDouble(input); } } // Displays an array to the screen static void showArray(int[] values) { String msg = "You entered " + values.length + " numbers:\n"; for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { msg += values[i] + "\n"; } JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, msg); } } ^ top 7.4.4: Returning an Array Methods can return an array reference Local array name just another name for the original array For example: public class ArrayMaker { public static void main(String arg[]) { char[] c; c = vowels(); for(int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) System.out.println(c[i]); } public static char[] vowels() { char[] newArray = new char[5]; newArray[0] = 'a'; newArray[1] = 'e'; newArray[2] = 'i'; newArray[3] = 'o'; newArray[4] = 'u'; return newArray; } } ^ top 7.4.5: Method main Parameters public static void main(String[] args) { Recall that every Java application must have a method called main Applications begin executing at main method Notice that the parameter args is an array of Strings Arguments are passed to the program by the operating system All words after the class name passed in the args array java ArgEcho Java Rules! Number of parameters can be determined from args.length System.out.println(args.length); args is a parameter of type String[] Parameter String[] is an array of Strings Parameters are passed when calling the program Name args is a convention -- can be named anything Number of parameters can be determined from the length field of args For Example class ArgEcho { public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { System.out.print("Arg " + i + ": "); System.out.println(args[i]); } } } Produces the output: >java EchoArgs Hi Mom! Arg 0: Hi Arg 1: Mom! ^ top 7.4.6: Summary Can pass an array to a method A method may return an array Can change the array element within a method body Because arrays are reference types Location of the array passed to the method When an element is accessed, the original location is used Operating system sends arguments to the String[] parameter of method main Can access these elements like any other array ^ top Exercise 7.4 Label this exercise: Exercise 7.4 Submit all exercises for this lesson in one file unless instructed otherwise Complete the following and record the answers to any questions in exercise7.txt. Specifications The following declarations were used to create an array: final int NUMGRADES = 500; double[] grades = new double[NUMGRADES]; Write a method header for a method named sortArray that accepts grades as a parameter. Record your solution in exercise7.txt. Write a method named oneMore which has a parameter for an array of int's and adds one to each element of the array. Use the following starter code to get started and submit your solution along with these exercises. public class OneMoreApp { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] a = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}; showArray(a); } // Displays an array to the screen static void showArray(int[] values) { for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { System.out.println(values[i]); } } } ^ top Wrap Up Reminders Due Next Class: A6: Guessing Game (10/18/04) Exercise 7 and CodeLab Lesson 7 (10/18/04) When class is over, please shut down your computer You may complete unfinished exercises at the end of the class or at any time before the next class. Instructions on submitting exercises are available from the HowTo's page. ^ top Home | WebCT | Announcements | Schedule | Expectations | Course info Help | FAQ's | HowTo's | Links Last Updated: October 12 2004 @16:49:36